Design of Handheld Traffic Violation Penalty Terminal System Based on RFID

“In the past, the punishment for traffic violators was done manually by the traffic police, and the offenders took the ticket to the designated collection office to pay the fine. This method has several disadvantages: First, the driver’s license number, name, location, type, fine amount, etc. of the offender must be recorded when issuing a ticket, which takes a lot of time and affects the normal duty of the traffic police; second, Due to human clerical errors, disputes between the offender and the payee are often caused; third, the traffic police on duty cannot accurately grasp the background of the offender, the records of the offense, etc., and even the unlawful pass the border with false photos to avoid punishment; fourth, it is impossible to tell the traffic police Check the correctness of law enforcement;

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0 Preface

In the past, the punishment for traffic violators was done manually by the traffic police, and the offenders took the ticket to the designated collection office to pay the fine. This method has several disadvantages: First, the driver’s license number, name, location, type, fine amount, etc. of the offender must be recorded when issuing a ticket, which takes a lot of time and affects the normal duty of the traffic police; second, Due to human clerical errors, disputes between the offender and the payee are often caused; third, the traffic police on duty cannot accurately grasp the background of the offender, the records of the offense, etc., and even the unlawful pass the border with false photos to avoid punishment; fourth, it is impossible to tell the traffic police The correctness of law enforcement shall be assessed; fifthly, some “kindness payments” are difficult to punish.

The handheld traffic violation penalty terminal system based on ARM9’s 915 MHz ultra-high frequency radio frequency technology (Radio Frequeney Identification, RFID) is the introduction of RFID technology into the existing traffic management. When the traffic police find a suspicious vehicle, they use gestures to stop the vehicle. , Within the effective scope of the radio frequency card reader, the traffic police use a handheld terminal to check the vehicle, which saves the tedious process of the traffic police manually issuing tickets, ensures speed accuracy and efficiency, and brings convenience.

1 System Design

When dealing with illegal accidents, as long as the Electronic tag on the vehicle is within the effective range of the radio frequency card reader, the driver’s natural status and violation records are all input into the terminal, and can be adjusted from the monitoring center through GPRS communication. out and check their violation records. If the traffic police judge that the driver has violated the regulations, they will select the code of the violation type on the handheld terminal, and send the relevant information to the monitoring center through GPRS communication, and the monitoring center will notify the illegal driver of the violation by SMS. When paying the fine, the driver goes to the designated location, and the staff fines the driver according to the information recorded in the database. It realizes the scientific and open management of traffic violation penalties. More importantly, this system greatly strengthens the supervision of drivers by recording the driver’s violation files on the driver’s license, which can reduce the number of violations.

What this design needs to establish is an RFID-based handheld traffic violation penalty terminal system, which consists of a server and a client. The server side is the monitoring center, mainly through GPRS and hand-held terminal for data transmission. On the client side, the RFID reader reads the electronic tags installed on the vehicle through wireless transmission to collect vehicle information, and performs corresponding processing, and then sends the information to the server side through GPRS, and the server side connects the received information. It is processed and stored in the database, and the driver is notified of the violation by text message and urged to pay the fine. The overall structure block diagram of the system is shown in Figure 1.

2 Hardware Design

The hardware structure diagram of the hand-held traffic violation penalty terminal is shown in Figure 2, which can be divided into ARM core and peripheral parts and RFID part.

2.1 ARM core and peripheral parts

This part includes ARM microcontroller, memory (SRAM, FLASH and SDRAM), input and output devices (LCD, touch screen TOUCH) and interface devices (RS 232, USB, network card DM9000 and JTAG). The ARM microcontroller adopts the ARM920T core, which is a 16/32 ARM920T RISC processor designed by ARM. Its low power consumption, streamlined and excellent fully static design are especially suitable for cost- and power-sensitive applications. The memory includes SRAM, FLASH and SDRAM, which can support the operation of Linux system. SDRAM is HY57V651620 from Hynix, with a capacity of 64 MB; the commonly used FLASH types are NOR FLASH and NAND FLASH. The FALSH used here is mainly NAND FLASH, which It is produced by Samsung with a capacity of 64 MB and is commonly used in consumer electronics such as handheld devices. The LCD is a Donghua TFT LCD screen (WXCAT35), which is configured in the usual 16BPP mode. DM9000 is a highly integrated, powerful, low-pin, cost-effective single-chip Fast Ethernet control chip introduced by DAVICOM, which is very suitable for embedded system design. KB SRAM (13 KB as receive buffer and 3 KB as transmit buffer), supports 8-bit and 16-bit data interface for internal memory access to suit different microprocessors.

2.2 RFID part

2.2.1 RFID technology

Radio frequency technology is an automatic identification technology that began to rise in the 1990s. Radio frequency identification technology is a technology that uses radio frequency signals to achieve contactless information transmission through spatial coupling (alternating magnetic field or electromagnetic field) and achieve the purpose of identification through the transmitted information. Technology.

2.2.2 RFID system and its working principle

The most basic RFID system consists of three parts: Reader, Tag, and Antenna. The reader is a device that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information, and can be designed to be hand-held or fixed (this system is hand-held). Electronic tags are composed of coupling elements and chips. Each tag has a unique electronic code and is attached to the object to identify the target object. The antenna transmits the signal between the tag and the reader.

The reader sends out a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency through the antenna. When the electronic tag enters the effective range of the magnetic field generated by the reader, an induced current is generated to obtain energy, and the reader sends information such as its own code to the reader. After the writer reads and decodes the information, it transmits the information to the computer system for related processing, so as to achieve the purpose of automatically identifying objects. The working principle diagram of RFID is shown in Figure 3.

2.2.3 RFID radio frequency transceiver unit

This part includes a radio frequency chip and an antenna. The chip uses CC1100, which can read and write ultra-high frequency tags with a frequency of 915 MHz, in line with the EPC CLASS-1/Gen-2 standard. The internal transmitter part can directly drive the antenna for short-range operation without adding an active circuit, and the reading and writing distance can reach about 10 m, which can meet the requirements of the hand-held traffic violation penalty terminal.The circuit diagram of the RF transceiver unit CC1100 is shown in Figure 4, where the signal lines SCLK (clock input), SI (data input), SO (data output), and CSn (chip select) of CC1100 are respectively connected to

The SPICLK, SPIMOSI, SPIMOSO, and nSS of the SPI interface of the S3C2440 are connected.

3 Software Design

This system adopts Bootloader of U-boot software development system, and the operating system adopts Linux of 2.6 kernel.

3.1 Bootloader Bootloader of Embedded System

BootLoader is a small program that is executed before the operating system kernel runs. Through this small program, the necessary hardware devices can be initialized, some information needed by the kernel can be created, and these information can be passed to the kernel through the relevant mechanism, so as to bring the software and hardware environment of the system to a suitable state, and finally call the operating system kernel. Really play the role of booting and loading the kernel.

Bootloader startup is mostly divided into 2 stages. The first stage is implemented using assembly, which does some initialization that depends on the CPU architecture and calls the code of the second stage. The tasks in this stage are: hardware device initialization; prepare RAM space for loading Bootloader second-stage code; copy Bootloader second-stage code into RAM space; set up stack; jump to C entry point of second-stage code. The second stage is usually implemented in C language, which can achieve more complex functions, and the code will have better readability and portability. The tasks in this stage are: initialize the hardware devices to be used in this stage; detect the system memory map; read the kernel image and the root file system image from Flash into the RAM space; set the boot parameters for the kernel; call the kernel. After writing the Bootloader, use the JTAG download cable to program it into the Nand Flash.

The basic operation process is as follows, download U boot 1.1.6, cd u-boot-1.1.6 from the Internet, enter the directory, modify its top-level Makefile, and add the development board type:

For other related modifications and additions, please refer to the related files in U-boot-1.1.6dm9000.

3.2 Configuring and compiling the kernel

The ways to configure the kernel are: make eonfig; make menuconfig; make xconfig; make gconfig; make oldeonfig; . config file, . Define variables in the config file, combined with

The Makefile of each subdirectory can decide whether a module is compiled into the kernel. Since CC1100 needs to communicate with SPI interface, the core should support SPI operation. First cd linux2.6.25.8, after entering the directory, command 1. Check if there is. config file, if not, cp arch/arm/configs/s3c2410default_config. config, then make menuconfig the settings of the SPI driver, the SPI driver is in drivers/spi/spi. In c:

Among them, * stands for compiling directly into the kernel; M stands for compiling into the kernel as a module.

Before compiling the kernel, modify the corresponding Makefile and related files to suit the corresponding hardware platform. After that, make can generate a kernel image in the arch/arm/boot directory, such as: zlmage, Image. Finally, use USB to program to the corresponding location of the Flash.

3.3 Applications

The user application is a Qt-based graphical interface. When the traffic police confirms that the vehicle is required to be inspected or fined, the system interrupts and enters the working mode, obtains the information of the vehicle through the anti-collision algorithm, and displays the information on the LCD. Punishment, after selecting the illegal code, send the corresponding information to the control center through GPRS, otherwise it will enter the sleep mode of the system and continue to wait for the interruption to occur. The flow chart is shown in Figure 5.

4 Conclusion

This paper briefly introduces the designed hand-held traffic violation penalty terminal system, and focuses on the software and hardware design of the system and the corresponding key technologies. The role of radio frequency technology in traffic is becoming more and more important. This system focuses on radio frequency technology and takes traffic violation management as the background. Combined with GPRS technology, a hand-held traffic violation penalty terminal system can be realized. It can read tags and process information quickly, accurately and in real time, which brings great convenience to traffic violation penalties.